尺寸：35 x 28 in.
年代：15世纪
质地：唐卡(Pigments on cloth)
风格：西藏
来源：美国鲁宾艺术博物馆
参阅：外部链接
鉴赏：
Buddha Vajradhara with the Eighty-Five Great Tantric Adepts
金刚持佛与85名大成就者 15世纪 唐卡

此画作诞生于西藏艺术的重要转型期——当时画师们正将继承的印度艺术传统加以转化，以体现自身的审美追求。许多风格元素，包括面部特征、卷草纹背景及人物的等级化布局，仍延续着早期西藏艺术紧密追随印度源流的特征。与之相对，神祇衣袍的饱满度与纹饰、受汉风影响的花卉云纹、人物通体鎏金及动态表现，则属较晚（15世纪）的发展。此画尤为突出之处在于运用立体金线装饰主尊的佩饰、背光与身光。

The primordial Buddha Vajradhara is the root-deity of many Tantric Buddhist teachings, and the great adepts (mahasiddhas) who surround him in this painting are exemplary Tantric practitioners of those teachings. They represent meditators and yogis of great spiritual attainment from all castes and professions, who were often unorthodox in their behavior.

This painting is from an important transitional period in Tibetan art when painters were transforming the Indic artistic traditions they received to reflect their own aesthetic interests. Many of the stylistic elements, including the faces, the scrollwork background, and the hierarchical organization of the figures are reminiscent of early Tibetan art, which cleaved closely to its Indian roots. In contrast, the fullness of the deities’ garments and their patterns, the Chinese-inspired flowers and clouds, the gilding of all the figures, and the figures’ sense of movement are later (15th century) developments. Especially notable in this painting is the use of raised gold to decorate the central deity’s ornaments, halo, and body nimbus.