佛像鉴定鉴赏收藏

尺寸：高29.5cm
年代：14-15世纪
质地：铜鎏金
风格：西藏
来源：拍卖会
成交：69,300英镑(2010.11)
参阅：伦敦苏富比
鉴赏：
PROPERTY OF A DISTINGUISHED PRIVATE COLLECTOR

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A LARGE GILT-COPPER-ALLOY FIGURE OF SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA

TIBET, 14TH/15TH CENTURY

十四/十五世紀 藏傳鎏金銅合金釋迦牟尼佛坐像

seated in vajrasana on a double lotus base, his right hand held in bhumisparsha mudra or earth-touching gesture, his left hand in dhyana mudra, dressed in a diaphanous sanghati gathered and draped over the left shoulder, his face with a serene meditative expression, with eyes downcast in contemplation, his hair arranged in tight rows of curls, the domed ushnisha surmounted by a bud-shaped chintamani, the base sealed

Height 29.5 cm, 11⅝ in.

Acquired in London in the 1970s (by repute).

於1970年購自倫敦（傳）

The Tibetan sculpture of Shakyamuni Buddha Maravijaya is finely cast and fire-gilded in the Nepalese manner. The diaphanous clinging robe style is typical of classical Newar sculpture from the Kathmandu Valley in the early Malla period (ca 1200-1479), in contrast to the loose and flowing robe styles seen in Tibet after the Yongle period (1403 -1424). The taut musculature, broad shoulders and attenuated waist are common features of Newar style: cf. a 13th/14th century Nepalese gilt copper Buddha in the Jokhang, Lhasa, see Ulrich von Schroeder, Buddhist Sculptures in Tibet, Hong Kong, 2001, Vol. II, p. 523, pl. 170C: cf. also the face and robe style of a ca 13th century Tibetan Shakyamuni Buddha in a private collection, see Jane Casey, Naman Parmeshwar Ahuja, David Weldon, Divine Presence, Milan, 2003, p. 128 pl. 38.

The iconographic form — in which the Buddha is seated with legs crossed at the ankle (vajraparyankasana) in the earth-touching gesture (bhumisparsha mudra) — recalls his triumph over the demon Mara (maravijaya) just prior to his enlightenment. Having vowed to remain in meditation until he penetrated the mysteries of existence, Shakyamuni was visited by the demon Mara and his hoard of sorcerers and seductresses. The Buddha resisted the temptations with which Mara sought to deflect him from his goal, and moved his hand from the meditation posture in his lap towards the ground to call the earth to witness his resolve. Mara’s hoard dispersed leaving the Buddha to attain enlightenment. The episode took place beneath a Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya in eastern India. This adamantine site (vajrasana) is said to have been especially empowered to expedite the Buddha’s enlightenment. The double thunderbolt design (visvavajra) incised on the gilt copper sealing plate beneath this image is a symbol of Buddhist empowerment and protection.