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古比特佛像网, 编号: 文殊菩萨

文殊菩萨(Manjushri)

文殊菩萨又称文殊师利, 曼殊室利, 法王子, 梵文Manjushri. 文殊菩萨是大智慧的象征, 常与普贤菩萨同为释迦牟尼佛左右胁侍, 世称“华严三圣”. 在佛教信仰中, 文殊菩萨的地位非常尊贵, 他位列诸菩萨之首, 在大乘佛教中仅次于佛陀, 是佛教中最伟大的菩萨之一. 文殊菩萨的形象众多, 具体请参看下面的文殊菩萨造像特征.

外文描述

Manjushri (Tibetan: Jampalyang, Jampaiyang (rje btsun 'jam pa'i dbyangs) is a popular Buddhist figure commonly represented in art. He first arises from the Mahayana Sutra literature of Northern Buddhism where he is regarded as a bodhisattva - the bodhisattva of wisdom. In artistic depictions these forms are non-iconic in appearance which means that the iconography is not fixed. Manjushri will still have one face and two arms. His typical emblem(象征) is a Prajnaparamita sutra book(般若经书) held in the left hand or supported by a flower blossom. A sword is often held in the right hand. In art he is typically depicted in a relaxed posture, in front of a temple or portrayed in narrative settings.

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造像特征

文殊菩萨形像, 一般为天衣天冠, 顶结五髻, 表佛五智, 一手持宝剑, 象征以智慧剑斩烦恼结(或手持如意, 象征智慧成就), 另一手持经典, 代表智慧的思维, 驾乘狮子, 表示威严猛厉, 所向披靡, 无坚不摧, 战无不胜. 经书常置于菩萨左肩的优钵罗花(utpala)上. 如果菩萨双手结说法印, 则剑通常立于右肩肩花上, 剑尖向上. 如果菩萨右手擎剑, 则左手结说法印并轻拈优钵罗花柄. 如果以上特征不明显, 带虎爪项链('tiger claw' necklace)也是文殊菩萨的判据之一. 藏传佛教中, 文殊菩萨常表现为一面四臂的敏捷文殊, 一面(三面)六臂文殊金刚以及三面(四面)八臂(四臂, 十臂,十二臂)法语界文殊的形象.

常见的文殊菩萨造像按形象可分为:

深度阅读:

参考文献:
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古比特佛像网, 编号: 文殊菩萨
本页地址: https://fo.gubit.cn/文殊菩萨 · 最后更新: 2022/09/10 13:23 由 artemis