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表现释迦牟尼35岁时，创立了原始佛教的基本教义。据佛经记载，释迦牟尼在成道前，过着养尊处优的生活，后观察到人生的“八苦”，即生、老、病、死、爱别离、怨憎会、求不得、五取蕴，为求索解救办法而舍弃宫廷的优越生活，到雪山苦行六年。他出山后，来到尼连禅河，洗去身上污垢，喝下牧羊女献上的乳糜，恢复了精力，坐于伽倻山的一棵荜钵罗树下，经过七天七夜的静坐思考，大彻大悟，成就佛道，获得了“释迦牟尼”的尊号，那棵荜钵罗树也被后人称为菩提树。

Formal in appearance, Shakyamuni Buddha typically gazes forward with partially closed eyes and the blue-black hair on the head is piled in a tuft on top with a single gold ornament adorning the crown. Between the eyebrows is a white dot (urna, 白毫) and adorning the neck are three curved horizontal lines. The earlobes (耳垂) are long and pierced. With the right arm bare the right hand is extended across the knee in the earth touching gesture (Bhumisparsha Mudra, 触地印或降魔印). The left performs the gesture (mudra) of meditation (禅定印) - palm upward in the lap. Across the left shoulder is a saffron coloured patchwork robe. A similar lower garment is tied at the waist with a cloth belt. The legs are folded in vajra posture.

The bhumisparsha Buddha is always depicted in a seated position, with the right hand resting on the knee and fingers pointing towards the earth. The left hand rests on the lap with the palm facing upwards. ‘Bhumisparsha’ means ‘touching the earth’ or ‘calling the earth to witness’. This mudra represents the moment when Buddha became enlightened underneath the Bodhi tree.

释迦牟尼佛
释迦牟尼佛:禅定像
释迦牟尼佛:成道像(早期-12世纪)
释迦牟尼佛:成道像(元代 13-14世纪)
释迦牟尼佛:成道像(明代 15-17世纪)
释迦牟尼佛:成道像(清代 18-20世纪)

螺发佛装，结跏趺坐，右手抚膝触地做降魔印(触地印)，左手于脐前施禅定印或手结禅定印托钵。触地印: 以右手覆于右膝，指头触地，以示降伏魔众。相传释迦在修行成道时，有魔王不断前来扰乱，以期阻止释迦的清修。后来释迦即以右手指触地，令大地为证，于是地神出来证明释迦已经修成佛道，终使魔王惧伏，因此称为降魔印。又因以手指触地，所以又称触地印。禅定印: 以双手仰放下腹前，右手置于左手上，两拇指的指端相接。这一手印表示禅思，使内心安定之意。据说释迦佛在菩提树下禅思入定修习成道时就是采用这种姿势.

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唐宋 (早期-12世纪)

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