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金刚亥母(Vajravarahi)

金刚亥母，梵文Vajravarahi，藏文名为多吉帕姆(Dorjepakmo)，意为金刚猪神，因猪在汉地十二生肖中属于“亥”，故被称作“金刚亥母”。此神为女性，头戴五个骷髅组成的冠冕，长发披肩，三目圆睁，作愤怒威慑状，愤怒的双眼下却有微笑神情，意味威慈并具，右耳突出的猪首是她的重要身份标志。在佛教教义中，猪是作为贪、嗔、痴三毒中“痴”的象征，金刚亥母自然就是驱除痴毒的斗士。她右手所持的钺刀像刀又像钩，用于清除愚昧，勾召智慧。左手托着一只盛有鲜血的嘎巴拉碗，象征极乐体验和事业成功。怀揣的卡章嘎天杖装饰有代表三毒的骷髅、干枯和新鲜的人头，顶上的金刚杵则象征用威力制服三毒侵扰。她脚下踩着尸体起舞，则代表战胜敌人。

需要澄清的是胜乐金刚的明妃是金刚瑜伽母(Vajrayogini), 不是金刚亥母. 金刚瑜伽母(空行母)是比金刚亥母更大的一个称谓，可以认为金刚亥母是金刚瑜伽母的一个带猪头的特殊形象.

外文描述

Vajrayogini(金刚瑜伽佛母) is the principal female deity of the Chakrasamvara(胜乐金刚) Cycle of Tantras. She is represented in many different forms, colours, peaceful, semi-peaceful/wrathful and very wrathful. She can have a single face, many faces, and multiple arms. Vajrayogini is the 'genus'- larger category. Vajravarahi(金刚亥母) is the 'species' - smaller more specific category or type. Vajrayogini appearing in the form of Vajravarahi is one of the most popular Tantric female deities found in all traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. In this guise she actually has either a single boar's face, or two faces or heads (with a boar's face), two or more hands and legs, red, yellow or black in colour, standing in a dancing posture, or both legs down.

造像特征

如果看到一个舞姿的女性本尊，右脸上延展出一个猪头，就是金刚亥母。金刚亥母的其它标志特征还有：左手捧嘎巴拉碗，端在胸前。右手持钺刀，高举半空。正面有三目，戴五骷髅冠和人头项鬘，头顶金刚杵。弯曲的左臂里靠着一根天杖。右腿曲，左腿舒展，舞蹈姿踏在天人身上，象征降伏执著。着色唐卡里，金刚亥母全身红色，右面的猪头则是蓝色或黑色。

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