佛像鉴定鉴赏收藏

尺寸：104.1 x 47.4 x 27.2 cm
年代：北魏正光四年(523年)
质地：砂岩石雕
风格：中原
来源：美国弗利尔美术馆
参阅：外部链接
鉴赏：
北魏彩绘石雕胁侍菩萨立像，来自于河南巩县石窟第一窟，现藏于弗利尔美术馆。

胁侍菩萨，是修行层次最高的菩萨。雕像虽为石质，但其间所被赋予的那些人文浸润与信仰，竟能让普通的石头说话。

该尊雕像雕刻生动，面容祥和安然，形态、身形内敛自然，并结合其身后的佛光闪现，让人有一种遥不可及的亲近，以及有着一种不可亵渎的尊崇、笃信、动容跟笃定。

Standing figure of a bodhisattva

Previous custodian or owner
Friedrich Perzynski (1877-1965)
Paul Kempner (1889-1956)
Edgar Worch (1880-1972)
C.T. Loo & Company (1914-1948)
C.T. Loo, INC. (ca. 1948-no later than July 1953)

Provenance
Originally located in Gongxian Cave 1, niche 1, Henan province, China [1]
Ca. 1914
Friedrich Perzynski (1877-1965) [2]
Ca. 1929
Paul Kempner (1889-1956), Berlin, from at least January 1929 [3]
To 1944
Edgar Worch (1880-1972), New York to February 1944 [4]
1944 to 1948
C. T. Loo & Company, New York purchased from Edgar Worch in February 1944 [5]
1948 to 1952
C. T. Loo, INC. New York, NY, by transfer from C. T. Loo & Company, NY [6]
From 1952
Freer Gallery of Art, purchased from C. T. Loo, INC. on June 25, 1952 [7]

Notes:
[1] The original location of the sculpture in the Gongxian cave was confirmed by Stanley Abe in 2001. The measurements and details of the sculpture correspond to a blank area to the right of a seated Buddha sculpture in Cave 1, niche 1; the mirror image of the Freer sculpture is still in place to the left of the Buddha, see Jan Stuart and Chang Qing, “Chinese Buddhist Sculpture in a New Light at the Freer Gallery of Art,” Orientations 34, 4 (April 2002), pp. 29 (ill.), 30-31.

[2] According to annotations on C. T. Loo's stockcard no. NLP-44/908 cited in note 4, the statue was brought to Berlin by Friedrich Perzynski, a German expeditionist, collector, dealer, and writer, in or about 1914.

[3] The sculpture was lent by Paul Kempner to an exhibition in Berlin in 1929, see Ausstellung chinesischer Kunst, exh. cat. (Berlin: Gesellschaft für Ostasiatische Kunst; Preussische Akademie der Künste, January 12 to April 2, 1929), cat. no. 242. The object was also included in Otto Kümmel's 1930 publication occasioned by the Berlin exhibition and was listed there as in Kempner's collection, see Otto Kümmel, ed., Chinesische Kunst: Zweihundert Hauptwerke der Ausstellung der Gesellschaft für Ostasiatische Kunst in der Preussischen Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 1929 (Berlin: B. Cassirer, 1930), pl. 66.

[4] See C. T . Loo & Company’s stock card no. NLP-44/908: “Stone Stupa revêtement with standing base footed Bodhisattva wearing a long garment with hanging scarfs and sharp edged foldings, and holding in his left hand raised to chest level between graciously sculptured fingers a lotus bud (symbol of great purity) and the water bottle in his right hand, head slightly bending forward with closed eyes and the face expressing the divine contentment. Headdress ornated with a lotus petals and floral crown. The upper part of the halo missing. Bottom part repaired. First third of six century A. D. Northern Wei,” Frank Caro Archive, Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, copy in object file. According to annotations on the stock card, Loo’s company purchased the sculpture from Edgar Worch in February 1944.

[5] See stock card cited in note 3. C. T. Loo opened C. T. Loo, INC in 1948, when he lost access to trade in China. The sculpture was shipped to the Freer Gallery on April 27, 1950; see “List of Objects Shipped to Freer Gallery of Art,” dated April 27, 1950 on C. T. Loo, INC. letterhead, copy in object file. See also Loo's letter to Archibald Wenley, dated April 27, 1950, copy in object file.

[6] See C. T. Loo, INC. invoice, dated June 25, 1952, copy in object file.

[7] See invoice cited in note 6.